BMW Cars

Bayerische Motoren Werke AG (info) (BMW), (English: Bavarian Motor Works) is an independent German automobile manufacturer. BMW is one of the world's leading performance-luxury manufacturers of cars and motorcycles, along with being the parent company of the MINI and Rolls-Royce car brands.

History

BMW was officially founded as a public company in 1922, but traces its origins to the pioneering days of German aviation all the way back to 1913. Two of these pioneering men, Karl Rapp and Gustav Otto, are credited by BMW as the "founding fathers". However, the company was actually founded by three men: Josef Popp, Max Friz, and Camillo Castiglioni. These men brought BMW through many turbulent times in the company's early life, as well as taking the company public in 1922 to form BMW AG.

Beginning with radio flyer engines, BMW AG produced a variety of products in its early years, eventually shifting to motorcycle production in 1923 and automobiles in 1929. The circular blue and white BMW logo, which has not been altered throughout the company's history, does not in fact symbolize a spinning propeller according to a BMW spokesman Joerg Huebner (although the imagery did appear in post-WWI advertisements). The BMW roundel badge is believed to have been partially derived from the logo of its predecessor company Rapp Motorenwerke, while ultimately taking on the colors and checkers from the arms of Bavaria (fusilly in bend argent and azure). Significant aircraft power plants of pre-WWII and WWII included the BMW 132 and BMW 801 air-cooled radial engines, and the pioneering BMW 003 axial-flow turbojet. BMW's factories were damaged badly in the war, and many surviving machine tools were confiscated by the victorious Allies.

BMW AG bought the British Rover Group (which at the time consisted of the Rover, Land Rover and MG marques as well as the rights to defunct marquees including Austin and Morris) in 1994 and owned it for six years. By 2000, Rover was making huge losses and BMW decided to sell the combine. The MG and Rover marques were sold to the Phoenix Consortium to form MG Rover, while Land Rover was taken over by Ford. BMW, meanwhile, retained the rights to build the new MINI, which was launched in 2001.




 

BMW headquarters, Munich, Germany

 


Production


Total world production in 2006 was 1,206,884 vehicles produced in 5 countries.

Country Make Cars (2006) 


Germany BMW 905,057 
United Kingdom Mini 187,454 
Rolls-Royce 67 
Austria BMW 114,306 
USA BMW 105,172 
South Africa BMW 54,782 
Total 1,206,884 


Motorcycles

BMW started building motorcycle engines and then motorcycles after the Spanish-American War. Their first notable motorcycle, after the failed Helios and Flink was the "R32" in 1923. These had a "Boxer" twin engine, in which an ICCE cylinder protrudes into the air-flow from each side of the machine. Apart from their post-war singles (basically to the same pattern), all their motorcycles had used this distinctive layout until the early 1980s. Many BMWs are still produced to this pattern, which is designated the R Series.

During the Second World War, BMW produced the BMW R75 motorcycle with a sidecar attached. Unusually, the sidecar's wheel was also driven. This was copied from the Zündapp KS750. Combined with a lockable differential, this made the vehicle very capable off-road, an equivalent in many ways to the Jeep.

In 1983 came the K Series (affectionately known as "The Flying Brick"), still shaft drive but now water cooled and with either 3 or 4 cylinders mounted in a straight line from front to back. Shortly after, BMW also started making the chain-driven F and G series with single and parallel twin Rotax engines.

In the early 1990s, BMW updated the airhead Boxer engine which became known as the oilhead. In 2002, the oilhead engine had two spark plugs per cylinder. In 2004 it added a built-in balance shaft, an increased capacity to 1170 cc and enhanced performance to 100 hp (75 kW) for the R1200GS, compared to 85 hp (63 kW) of the previous R1150GS. More powerful variants of the oilhead and hexhead engines are available in the R1100S and R1200S, producing 98 hp (73 kW) and 122 hp (91 kW), respectively.

 

 



 

The R32, the first BMW motorcycle



In 2004, BMW introduced the new K1200S Sports Bike which marked a departure for BMW. It is both powerful (the engine is a 167 hp (125 kW) unit derived from the company's work with the Williams F1 team) and significantly lighter than previous K models. It was BMW's latest attempt to keep up with the pace of development of sports machines from the likes of Honda, Kawasaki, Yamaha, and Suzuki. Innovations include a unique electronically adjustable front and rear suspension, and a Hossack-type front fork BMW calls Duolever.

BMW was one of the earliest manufacturers to offer anti-lock brakes on production motorcycles starting in the late 1980s. The generation of anti-lock brakes available on the 2006 and later BMW motorcycles pave the way for the introduction of sophisticated electronic stability control, or anti-skid technology - a first for production motorcycles - later in the 2007 model year.

BMW has always been an innovator in motorcycle suspension design, taking up telescopic front suspension long before most other manufacturers. Then, when other makers caught up, they switched to Earles Forke, front suspension by swinging fork (1955 to 1969). Most modern BMWs are truly rear swingarm, single sided at the back (compare with the regular swinging fork usually, and wrongly, called swinging arm).

Some BMWs started using yet another trademark front suspension design, the Telelever, in the early 1990s. Like the Earles Fork, the Telelever significantly reduces dive under braking.


Motorcycle clubs


BMW motorcycles have invoked the interest in clubs, or groups of people who share the same passion for their Bavarian bikes. The two of the largest BMW motorcycle clubs in the world are headquartered in the United States. They are the BMW Riders Association and the BMW Motorcycle Owners of America.


Automobiles

Current


The current BMW model lineup is split into what is referred to as "Series", traditionally identified by a single digit - e.g. the 3 Series.




 

BMW C5 concept car, Australia

 


1 Series

The 1 Series was launched globally in Fall 2004 and shares many structural, chassis, powertrain, hardware and electronic elements with the 3-series. The model was started to provide a lower point of entry into the BMW range as the 3 series moved gradually up-market. Initially launched as a 5-door hatchback, a 3-Door version was also launched in July 2007.The 1 series pricing fits neatly between MINI and the current E90 3-series.

A Coupé has been announced in late 2007, and there is also a convertible. Because it is the only rear wheel drive vehicle in its class, it is considered the heir apparent to the original 2002 sport sedan from the 1960s.

U.S. introduction for the 1 series will be MY 2008 as a coupé and convertible, in the 128i and the 135i. The 135i is slated to receive the 300 horsepower (220 kW) twin turbo 6 cylinder engine from the 3 series. The new 1 series convertible will share the looks of its coupe brother and uses a soft-top unlike the 3 series convertible's hard top. This is lighter, cheaper to manufacture and preserves more trunk space than the folding hardtop would allow in this small package.

BMW 1 Series 5-door
BMW 1 Series Coupe
BMW 1 Series Coupe



3 Series

The BMW 3 Series is a compact executive car manufactured since MY 1975. The E90 is the 5th generation of 3 series. Available from MY 2006 to present, it is offered as the sport sedan(E90), sport wagon(E91), sport coupe(E92), and sport coupe convertible(E93). The E90 series is completely re-engineered from the E46, including changes to motor choices, transmission, the passenger compartment comfort, suspension technology, as well as a host of High-Tech features and options.

The 3 series is not only one of BMW's most important models, it also accounts for a majority of worldwide sales.

2007 3-Series Coupe
2006 3-Series Touring
BMW E46 Generation with ZHP Performance Package
BMW E46 Generation Pre-facelift



5 Series

A mid-size luxury car / executive car. For MY 2008, BMW has revised the 5 series with a slightly redesigned interior, subtle exterior details, and new motor options. The motors offered are BMW's N52 and N54 inline 6-cylinder motors, as well as diesel and V8 options.

The BMW 5 series has been one of BMW's "experimental" cars, in which they can explore newer ideas. They have inserted new technologies and new ideas into this model that may have seemed radical for its time. One such example of this "testing" approach is the new headlight design. These types of changes to the 5 Series have allowed BMW to assess the reaction of consumers to their new designs before expanding the changes to other model series. Consequently, it has at times led people to question BMW's approach to design.

The M5 is the motorsport division's version of the 5 Series. The new M5 (built on the E60 5 series chassis) is powered by a F1-inspired V10 engine, producing 507 hp (378 kW) and is mated with a 7-speed Sequential Manual Gearbox (SMG) transmission, which is capable of a delimited top speed of about 330 km/h (production variants are restricted to 250 km/h, or 155 mph). BMW has also recently added a 6-speed manual transmission for newer 2007 models. The colour palette differs from its more modest 5 Series siblings. 


2005 5 Series with M Sport Package
2007 5-Series Touring with M Sport Package
2007 M5
E39 BMW M5 (previous generation)


  

 

  

1990 model BMW 525i seen here near Lewes, South Downs 

 



6 Series


The 6 Series is BMW's grand touring luxury sport coupé. Currently available as the 650i in coupé and coupé convertible, the 6 series returned in 2004, after a 15 year absence from BMW's model lineup.

Although many spy photos were seen with the 6-Series having a half-life update, like the 5-Series, BMW released the updated 6-Series in July 2007. It is unknown when the M6 coupe & cabriolet update versions will be released, however both are expected soon.

M6: A high performance version of the 6 Series. Developed by BMW's M Division, it is powered by the same 5.0 L V10 507 hp (378 kW) engine seen in the BMW M5. It is currently available in Europe, North America, South America, Australia and South Africa. 
2004 6 Series Convertible(645i)
6 Series Coupe (650i)
6 Series Convertible (645i)
6 Series Coupe (645i)


BMW 7-Series (current generation, pre-update)

7 Series

BMW's full-size flagship executive sedan. Typically, BMW introduces much of their innovations first in the vaunted 7 series. It has been deemed a "sports car at the helm and a limousine in the rear". Numerous landmark and breakthrough technologies for the entire automotive industry debut on the 7 series. For example, the groundbreaking and controversial electronic controller iDrive- 'I drive', or the world's first Hydrogen powered production vehicle, have all debuted in the 7 series. The 7-Series Hydrogen, the world’s first luxury performance sedan with hydrogen drive, is fueled by liquid hydrogen and releases only water vapor. Since the infrastructure for refueling a hydrogen internal combustion engine does not currently exist, the V12 engine also runs on gasoline, enabled via a push button system. Numerous engines power the 7 series worldwide. BMW offers diesel, straight 6, V8 and V12 motors, as well as the Alpina tuned supercharged V8. Additionally, the 760Li is also made in a bulletproof version, which BMW calls a "security sedan".


BMW X3 (current generation, update)
X3


BMW's second SUV debuted in 2004 (called SAV or Sports Activity Vehicle by BMW) and is based on the E46 3 Series layout, but the exterior is quite different. For 2007, the X3 is powered by the N52 inline 6 cylinder engine that debuted with the 2006 E90 3 Series. The X3 is a more functionally oriented vehicle that American buyers seem to prefer over a wagon; it is BMW's answer to the growing crossover segment of the market. It has performed quite well in sales. In 2007 a face lift was given to the X3, including an X-drive update, suspension adjustments, an engine upgrade, and aesthetics inside and out.

Marketed in Europe as an off-roader, it benefits from an advanced all-wheel drive system. This, combined with its standard "Enhanced DSC" stability control, make the X3 a capable vehicle on and off road.


X5

The BMW X5 (E53) is a mid-size luxury SUV (SAV) sold by BMW since 2000. It features all-wheel drive and a line of straight-6 and V8 engines. For non-US models there is a 3.0 L diesel engine.

The BMW E70 automobile platform replaced the BMW E53 in November 2006. The E70-based X5 SUV features many new technological advancements including BMW's iDrive system as standard equipment and, for the first time in a BMW, an optional third row seat which has increased the seating capacity in the new X5 to 7 passengers.

The E53 model was rated the by IIHS in 2002 to be the safest vehicle that organization had ever tested.[citation needed] Since then, BMW has applied their craft to the current generation E70 to incorporate innovative "firsts" for the SUV/SAV industry, such as Run Flat Tires, complimentary BMW Assist, and a unique rear framing section to protect 3rd row occupants from injury due to an impact.

The E70 features either a 3.0si(253 hp)or a 4.8i (350 hp) powertrain. In most parts of Europe, either a 3.0d (232 hp) or a 3.0sd (282 hp) engine is available. The 3.0d and 3.0sd are the same engine, they differ only in that the 3.0sd uses the turbocharged 3 litre engine from the 335d/535d. It has been announced that the X5 M will be released in 2008, it will feature the V12 engine out of the BMW 760, and will provide the car with 432 hp (322 kW). The X5 M will feature a full body-kit, new alloy wheels, and generally a revised look.


BMW X6

A crossover coupe SUV released by BMW in December 2007. The vehicle is currently beginning to export to many countries around the world, with orders being taken currently from the UK.

An all new version of the 550i/650i's engine is being used in the X6 with twin turbo technology from the 135i/335i. The standard engines 340 bhp will be replaced with 455 bhp.


Z4

A 2-seater roadster and coupé which succeeded the Z3. From 2006 the Z4 Roadster is available as a 3.0i (3.0 L I6 with 215 hp), a 3.0si available with the new generation 3.0 L I6 with 255 hp (190 kW), a 2.5si with a 2.5 I6 with 218 bhp (163 kW) or a 2.0i with a 150 bhp (112 kW) 2.0 L I4. The Z4 Coupé is available only in the high-performance 3.0si trim powered by the 3.0 L 255 hp (190 kW) I6. The Z4 is currently built at the Spartanburg plant.

Z4 M The new Z4 M roadster has been released as a Z4 with an E46 M3 motor (3.2 L, 343 hp) and also features the M braking, suspension, and M characteristics. There is also an M coupe model available. 


2006 Z4 Roadster
2006 Z4 Coupe
2007 Z4 M Roadster
2006 Z4 M Roadster




 

BMW radio telephone mast



BMW M

BMW M GmbH (previously: BMW Motorsport GmbH) is a subsidiary of German car manufacturer BMW AG established in May 1972 with just eight employees. BMW M, also known as M-Technik or just "M" (for Motorsport) was initially created to facilitate BMW’s racing program, which was very successful in the 1960s and 1970s. The first racing project was BMW’s 3.0 CSL; in the late 1970s the first modified street legal road cars were produced for the contracted racecar drivers as their personal vehicles. By 1988, the number of employees had risen to 400.


M3

Based on the 3 Series Coupe & Convertible, the M3 defined an entirely new market for BMW: a race ready production vehicle. Since its debut, the M3 is heralded in enthusiast circles, in large part due to its unique geometry and award winning powerplants. MY2008 marks the first time a Formula 1 inspired V8 will be offered.[citation needed], producing 420 hp (313 kW) that can reach 62 mph (100 km/h) in about 4.5 seconds. The newest platform will be available fall of 2007 in Europe, and second quarter of 2008 for the U.S. in Coupe (E92), and later the Cabriolet (E93), and Sedan (E90) variants.


M5

Based on the 5 Series, the M5 is the M division's 500 hp (373 kW) V10-powered version of the E60 5 series which makes 62 mph (100 km/h) in 4.7 seconds, impressive for a 4 door saloon car. The M5 was the first 4-door sedan to be considered a sports car, and at one time was the fastest production sedan ever produced. The M5 engine won the best engine in its category three years in a row.


M6

BMW M6 Coupe 

The M6 is the M division's version of the E63. The M6 shares its drivetrain with the M5. The V10 produces 500 horsepower (373 kW) and 383lb/ft (520Nm) of Torque. The M6 made its way into the 2005 Geneva Motor Show. It is currently available in a Coupe and a Convertible version, however, it is understood that an M6 CSL version is to be released in the future. The vehicle only weighs around 1750kg, but that low amount assures that it reaches 100km/h (60 miles) in 4.6 seconds.

The vehicle is based on the 6 Series Coupe and Convertible, which were launched back in 2004.

The carbon fiber and other light materials are used in places like the bumpers and roof that are far from the centre of gravity and/or high up, so that they not only reduce the overall weight but improve the handling by reducing, respectively, the moment of inertia and the centre of mass height.

The previous generation was launched in 1983, but ended in 1989 with around 5,855 sold.


Z4 M

BMW Z4 M RoadsterMain articles: BMW M Coupe and BMW M Roadster
BMW’s two-seater is powered by the same prize-winning 3.2-litre straight-six M engine also featured in the BMW M3(E46) and the BMW Z4 Roadster. The engine’s performance figures are: 3,246 cc displacement, 343 bhp (256 kW) maximum output at an engine speed of 7,900 rpm, maximum engine speed of 8,000 rpm. No less than 80 per cent of the engine’s maximum torque of 262 lb·ft (355 N·m) is available at the driver’s request from just 2,000 rpm. Output per litre is 103 bhp (77 kW), giving the Z4 M Coupe a power-to-weight ratio of just 9.9 lb/bhp. Acceleration to 60 mph (100 km/h) comes in 4.8 seconds and top speed is limited electronically to 155 mph (249 km/h).


Future


Z10/M10: A supercar to succeed the Z8, will likely compete with the Audi R8 and forthcoming Mercedes-Benz SLC; in late September 2007 BMW Group registered the M10 name. It is most likely to include the engine at the front and is most likely rear-wheel-drive. It is also most likely to feature the V10 found on the M5 and M6, but is expected to produce a good margin more power (550 HP). It is expected to weigh less then 3000 pounds. 


BMW X1 : An SAV based on the BMW 1-Series to be positioned below the X3. Likely to be built at Magna Steyr in Austria, where X3 production will be phased out. 


BMW PAS : the BMW Progressive Activity Sedan has been officially announced, yet it is unclear exactly what this will be conceptually. Sources[attribution needed] say it is based on a 7 Series platform in a 5-seater hatchback-style car. Competing against Mercedes R-Class. 


BMW F01/F02 7-Series : The F01 and F02 will be the replacement for the 7-Series for either 2008 or 2009. The F02 is the longer wheelbase version, which will get a more differentiated design than before. In addition there will be a "Baby Rolls-Royce" called a Rolls-Royce small sedan, based on this platform that will compete with the Bentley Continental series. 


BMW CS: Possibly will revive the 8-series nameplate. A four-door grand tourer/coupé to be based on the BMW CS Concept, competing against the Mercedes-Benz CLS-Class, and Porsche Panamera.


BMW X5 M- a 432 bhp (322 kW) version of the current X5, may be powered by the V10 from the M5. 

 





 

Prototypes

BMW CS Concept1990 BMW M8 Prototype A prototype designed as a "Ferrari killer". It was never put into production because of the lack of a market for such a car. 
1999 Z9: a concept car designed by Adrian van Hooydonk marked a departure from BMW's traditional conservative style, and has caused some controversy among BMW enthusiasts. This later on, became the 6-series. 


BMW 750hL showcased at Expo 2000 at the BMW World exhibit. As one of the world's first autos to use an engine propelled by liquid hydrogen, the 750hL primarily 1 emission: water. There are as of March 2007, as many as 100 750hL vehicles worldwide for testing & publicity purposes.


2001 xCoupe 
2007 BMW CS Concept - BMW has expressed interest in producing the vehicle possibly under the 8 Series name. 
2008 Concept 1 series tii 


Out of production


M1: a 1970s mid-engine sports car, designed in conjunction with Lamborghini. As Lamborghini went into bankruptcy the production was shifted to the German Karmanwerke. 
Z3: a 2-seater roadster. 


M coupé and roadster: high-performance hard-top and soft-top versions of the Z3, very popular among enthusiasts. The Z3 was first shown on the big screen in the James Bond film GoldenEye, marking the first time Pierce Brosnan played Bond and the first time the MI6 agent's gadget-laden car wasn't British. 


8 Series: a fast, high-technology coupé of the 1990s. Unconfirmed rumors suggest that this may be revived, see BMW CS Concept, to compete against the globally acclaimed Mercedes-Benz CLS-Class. 


Z1: a late 1980s two-seater with innovative modular construction; only 8,000 were made. Best known for the feature of the vertically sliding doors. 
Z8: a roadster with design based on the classic 507 roadster from the 1950s. Debuted in the James Bond film The World Is Not Enough, marking the last time Bond would drive a BMW. Only 5000 were built, the last 500 being a special edition built by Alpina but sold directly from BMW. This exciting halo car was built on an aluminium space frame design. 


Classics

BMW 319/1 – built in 1935 
BMW oldtmier 
1936 BMW Model 319 4-Window Cabriolet 
1958 BMW Model 507 RoadsterBMW made many cars over the years which have had great impact on the world of motoring.

3.0 CSL 
M1 
M3 
M5 
M6 (e24) First production line M car. Supercoupe capable of over 150 mph (240 km/h) 
M Roadster 
Dixi, 3/20, 303, 309, 315, 319, 320, 321, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 335 
Isetta, 600, 700 
501, 502, 503, 507 
3200 CS, 2000 CS 
New Sixes (2500/2800/Bavaria/2.5/2.8/3.0/3.3): Predecessor to today's 7 Series 
New Class (1500/1502/1600/1800/1802/2000/2002): Predecessor to the 3 Series 

Series Generations


Internally, BMW associates an "e-code" for each generation of a series ("E" stands for Entwicklung, German for development or evolution). These "chassis codes" only change to signify a major redesign of a series, or the introduction of a new series. BMW AG reported in September 2006 that BMW would switch to the letter "F" for their future models, beginning with the F01 7 Series replacement.

BMW E3 — (1968–1977) 


2.5, 2.8, 3.0, 3.3 "New Six" sedans

BMW E9 — (1969–1975) 2800CS, 3.0CS, 3.0CSL "New Six" coupés 
BMW E12 — (1974–1981) 5 Series 
BMW E21 — (1976–1983) 3 Series 
BMW E23 — (1977–1986) 7 Series 
BMW E24 — (1976–1989) 6 Series 
BMW E26 — (1978–1981) M1 
BMW E28 — (1981–1987) 5 Series 
BMW E30 — (1984–1991) 3 Series (1982-1983 E30 sold in Europe) 
BMW E31 — (1989–1997) 8 Series 
BMW E32 — (1986–1994) 7 Series 
BMW E34 — (1988–1995) 5 Series 
BMW E36 — (1992–1999) 3 Series 
BMW E36/5 — (1995–1998) 3 Series Compact (US market known as "318ti") 
BMW E36/7 — (1996-2002) Z3 Series Roadster 
BMW E36/8 — (1998-2002) Z3 Series Coupé 
BMW E38 — (1994–2001) 7 Series 
BMW E39 — (1995–2003) 5 Series 
BMW E46/5 — (2000–2004) 3 Series Compact 
BMW E46/4 — (1998–2005) 3 Series Sedan 
BMW E46/3 — (1999–2005) 3 Series Touring/Sports Wagon 
BMW E46/2 — (1999–2006) 3 Series Coupé 
BMW E46/C — (1999–2006) 3 Series Convertible 
BMW E52 — (2000–2003) Z8 
BMW E53 — (2000–2006) X5 
BMW E60 — (2004–present) 5 Series 
BMW E61 — (2004–2007) 5 Series Touring/Sports Wagon 
BMW E63 — (2004–present) 6 Series coupé 
BMW E64 — (2004–present) 6 Series convertible 
BMW E65 — (2002–2007) 7 Series short wheelbase 
BMW E66 — (2002–2007) 7 Series long wheelbase 
BMW E67 — (2002–2007) 7 Series Protection 
BMW E70 — (2007-present) X5 
BMW E71 — (2008) X6 
BMW E72 — (2008) X6 Hybrid 
BMW E81 — (2007-present) 1 Series (3-door) 
BMW E82 — (2007-present) 1 Series Coupé 
BMW E82/2 — (2010) Z2 
BMW E83 — (2004–present) X3 
BMW E85 — (2003–present) Z4 
BMW E86 — (2006–present) Z4 Coupé 
BMW E87 — (2004–present) 1 Series (5-door) 
BMW E88 — (2008) 1 Series Convertible 
BMW E89 — (2009) Z4 roadster 
BMW E90 — (2005–present) 3 Series 
BMW E91 — (2005–present) 3 Series Touring/Sports Wagon 
BMW E92 — (2006–present) 3 Series Coupé 
BMW E93 — (2007–present) 3 Series Convertible 
BMW E99 — (2009) V5 Progressive Activity Sedan (PAS) 
BMW F01 — (2008) 7 Series 
BMW F02 — (2009) 7 Series long wheelbase 
BMW F03 — (2008) 7 Series Protection 
BMW F04 — (2009) 8 Series Light Base 
BMW F10 — (2010) 5 Series 
BMW F11 — (2012) 5 Series Touring/Sports Wagon 
BMW F12 — (2011) 6 Series Coupé 
BMW F12C - (2011) X4 Series Convertible/Coupé 
BMW F13 — (2011) 6 Series Convertible 
BMW F25 — (2011) X3 
BMW F30 — (2012) 3 Series Sedan 

Recently BMW has become concerned with the rising number of their vehicles being imported from the United States into Canada and with the cooperation of the Registrar of Imported Vehicles (a private contractor to the federal Government of Canada) has placed impediments to the importation of BMW vehicles into Canada. All BMW dealers in the United States and Canada are now forbidden from printing vehicle history reports that list warrantee work that has been performed as well as the status of any safety recalls and supplying this document to the legal owners of the vehicles. Owners of BMW vehicles are considered to be a "third party" to information regarding the safety of BMW products. BMW now requires owners importing their cars into Canada to pay a fee of $300 (CDN) for a document guaranteeing the vehicle's admissibility into Canada and $500 (CDN) for a letter advising the Registrar of Imported Vehicles that there are no outstanding recalls on that vehicle.


Clubs


The BMW Car Club of America is an organization of BMW enthusiasts with chapters throughout the United States. The club runs a myriad of events, generally open to the public, to enjoy BMW vehicles in all their forms.

BMW Club Egypt is an organization of BMW owners in Egypt. The club offers automotive services, generally for members only, but additionally the club promotes the BMW vehicles and lifestyle.


 



 

BMW Sauber F1 Team Logo

 


Motorsport

BMW first entered Formula One as a fully-fledged team in 2006.BMW has been engaged in motorsport activities since the dawn of the first BMW motorcycle. BMW has competed and won many of the most coveted and prestigious races and motoring events.


Sponsoring


Formula BMW - A Junior racing Formula category. 
Kumho BMW Championship - A BMW-exclusive championship run in the United Kingdom. 
Formula car
Formula One - BMW has won 19 grands prix as an engine builder and has not won as a team/constructor up to 2007. 
BMW Sauber F1 Team - current BMW works Formula One team 
WilliamsF1 - former Formula One partner, and designer of BMW's Le Mans winning sports car 
Brabham - Former Formula One partner, winning the Drivers Championship in 1983 
Arrows, used BMW engines from 1984 to 1986 


Sports car


Le Mans 24 Hours - BMW won Le Mans in 1999 with the BMW V12 LMR designed by Williams Grand Prix Engineering. Also the Kokusai Kaihatsu Racing team won the 1995 24 Hours of Le Mans in a McLaren F1 GTR race car. 
Nürburgring - BMW won the 24 Hours Nürburgring 18 times and the 1000km Nürburgring 2 times (1976 and 1981). 
24 Hours of Daytona - BMW won 1 time (1976) 
Spa 24 Hours - BMW won 21 times 
McLaren F1 - Successful mid-1990s GT racing car with a BMW designed engine. It won BPR Global GT Series in 1995 and 1996 and the 24 Hours of Le Mans in 1995. 


Touring car


BMW has a long and very successful history in this category, touring car racing.

European Touring Car Championship (ETCC) - Since 1968, BMW won 24 drivers' championships along with several manufacturers' and teams' titles. 


World Touring Car Championship (WTCC) - BMW won all drivers' championship at present and three manufacturers' titles (1987, 2005, 2006 and 2007) 


DTM (Deutsche Tourenwagen Meisterschaft) won the drivers' championships: 
1988: Roberto Ravaglia, BMW M3 
1987: Winfried Vogt, BMW M3 
1983: Dieter Quester, BMW 635 CSI 
1982: Umberto Grano, Helmut Kelleners, BMW 528i 
1981: Umberto Grano, Helmut Kelleners, BMW 635 CSI 
1980: Siegfried Müller Jr., Helmut Kelleners, BMW 320i 
1979: Carlo Facetti, Martino Finotto, BMW 3.0 CSL 
1978: Umberto Grano, BMW 3.0 CSL 
1977: Dieter Quester, BMW 3.0 CSL 
1976: Pierre Dieudonné, Jean Xhenceval, BMW 3.0 CSL 
1975: Siegfried Müller, Alain Peltier, BMW 3.0 CSL 
British Touring Car Championship (BTCC) - BMW won the drivers' championship in 1988, 1991, 1992 and 1993 and manufacturers' championship in 1991 and 1993. 
Japanese Touring Car Championship (JTCC) - BMW (Schnitzer) flied from Europe to Japan, competed in the years and won the championship in 1995 
Mille Miglia - BMW won Mille Miglia in 1940 in with a 328 Touring Coupé. Previously in 1938 the 328 sport car also obtained a class victory. 


Rally


RAC Rally - The 328 sport car won this event in 1939. 
Paris Dakar Rally - BMW motorcycles have won this event 6 times. 


Culture


The term "beemer" started as an acronym for the abbreviation "BMW," adapted from the early-20th century British pronunciation of BSA (as /ˈbisə/ or /ˈbizə/), whose motorcycles were often racing BMWs. Over time, the term became closely associated with BMW motorcycles.

In the United States, the term "bimmer" was later coined to refer (exclusively) to BMW automobiles. As such, use of the word "beemer" to refer to a BMW automobile is frowned upon by some BMW enthusiasts,[4] because it is the term used for motorcycles. Although the distinction is completely arbitrary, to this day, the media, movies, and most people still use the term "beemer" to refer to the automobiles.

The initials BMW are pronounced /be m ve/ in German. The model series are referred to as "Dreier" ("Three-er" for 3 series), "Fünfer" ("Five-er" for the 5 series), "Sechser" ("Six-er" for the 6 series), "Siebener" ("Seven-er" for the 7 series).




 

BMW sports car classic from 1958

 


Nomenclature


BMWs follow a certain nomenclature in the naming many of their vehicles; a 3 digit number is followed by 1 or 2 letters. The first number is the series number. The next two numbers traditionally represent the engine displacement in cubic centimeters divided by 100.

The system of letters is as follows:

d = diesel 
i = fuel-injected 
x = all wheel drive 
L = long wheel base 
C = coupe (no longer used) 
T = touring (wagon/estate) 
t = hatchback 
g = biogas 
s = sport package (Typically includes front sports seats, spoiler, aerodynamic body kit, upgraded rims, etc.) 
e = eta (essentially "economy" in English) 
es = eta sport 

For example, a BMW 760Li is a fuel-injected 7 Series with a long wheel base and 6.0 litres of displacement.

However, there are exceptions. The 2008 BMW 328i is a 3 Series that has a 3.0 litre engine. The 2007 BMW 335i has that same 3.0 litre engine, however it is twin-turbocharged and not identified in the nomenclature.

The 'M' - for Motorsport - identifies the high-performance M vehicle of a particular series (e.g. M3, M5, M6, etc). For example, the M6 is the highest performing vehicle in the 6 Series lineup. Although 'M' cars should be separated into their respective series platforms, it is very common to see 'M' cars grouped together as its own series.

The 'Z' identifies a two seater roadster (e.g. Z1, Z3, Z4, etc). M varients of Z models have the M as a suffix or prefix, depending on country of sale. (e.g. 'Z4 M' / 'M Roadster' in Canada)

A capitalized 'X' may supersede the series number (e.g. X3 and X5) which refers to the Sports Activity Vehicle (SAV) lineup, all of which feature BMW's xDrive.

Both X & Z vehicles will have 'i' or 'si' follow the engine displacement denoted in litres. The 'si' (e.g. X3 3.0si) identifies the vehicle as being equipped with the 'sport package' & is 'fuel-injected'. X & Z vehicles only denoting 'i' (e.g. X3 3.0i) identifies the vehicle as 'fuel-injected' and no sport package.

Also, Station-wagons/Estates are traditionally given the "Touring" or "Sport Wagon" tagline, depending on country of sale.




 


Community

BMW logo sign in Düsseldorf BMW has always had a very tight and loyal community following. In the summer of 2001, BMW even went as far as starting the BMW Films website, showcasing some sporty models being driven to extremes. These videos are very popular within the enthusiast community and have opened the eyes of many owners looking for a sporty/fun car. However, even with all this success, on October 21st, 2005, the BMW Films were taken offline.

Every year since 1999, BMW enthusiasts have met up in Santa Barbara, CA to attend Bimmerfest. Perhaps one of the largest brand-specific gatherings in the U.S. Over 3000 people attended in 2006, and there were over 1000 cars present. In 2007, the event was held on May 5.


Overseas subsidiaries

South Africa


BMWs have been assembled in South Africa since 1970, when Praetor Monteerders' plant was opened in Rosslyn, near Pretoria. BMW acquired the company in 1973, which became BMW South Africa, the first wholly-owned subsidiary of BMW to be established outside Germany. Three unique models that BMW Motorsport created for the South African market were the BMW 333i, which added a 6-cylinder 3.2 litre engine to the BMW 3 Series. the BMW 325is which was powered by an Alpina derived 2.7 litre engine, and the E23 M745i, which used the engine from the BMW M1.

Unlike US manufacturers, such as Ford and GM, which divested from the country in the 1980s, BMW retained full ownership of its operations in South Africa.

Following the end of apartheid in 1994, and the lowering of import tariffs, BMW South Africa ended local production of the 5-Series and 7-Series, in order to concentrate on production of the 3-Series for the export market. South African-built BMWs are now exported to right hand drive markets including Japan, Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, Singapore, and Hong Kong, as well as Sub-Saharan Africa. Since 1997, BMW South Africa has produced vehicles in left hand drive for export to Taiwan, the United States and Iran, as well as South America. Very recently, in year 2006 BMW opened their shops in India.


Related companies


Automobilwerk Eisenach 
Isetta 
Glas 
Rolls-Royce Motor Cars Limited 
Rover: owned by BMW from 1994 to 2000, BMW retained the Mini after selling off the rest of the company (see MG Rover Group). 
Land Rover: sold to Ford; the current Range Rover was developed during BMW's ownership of the company and until recently was powered by their 4.4 L V8 petrol (gasoline) engine and BMW 3.0 L I6 diesel engine 
MINI: a small hatchback; inspired by the original Mini, which was the British competitor to the Volkswagen Beetle. 
Wiesmann: A company making sporty 2-seater roadsters and coupés for which BMW supplies the engine and transmission components. 
Bavaria Wirtschaftsagentur GmbH: BMW Group subsidiary that offers insurance services. 
AC Schnitzer: A tuning company specialising in BMW vehicles. 
Alpina: A Motor Manufacturer in its own right, who creates vehicles based on BMW cars. 
Breyton: A tuning manufacturer specialising in BMW cars. 
G-Power: A tuning company specialising in BMW vehicles. 
Hartge: A tuning company specialising in BMW, MINI and Range Rover cars. 
Hamann Motorsport: A Motor Styling and Tuning Specialist who creates vehicles based on BMW cars. 
MK-Motorsport: A tuning company specialising in BMW cars.

Toyota Camry

The Toyota Camry is a mid-size car, formerly a compact car manufactured by Toyota since 1980. The name "Camry" is an Anglicized phonetic transcription of the Japanese word kanmuri (冠, かんむり), meaning "crown".[1] This follows Toyota's naming tradition of using the crown name for primary models starting with the Toyota Crown in 1955, continuing with the Toyota Corona and Corolla; the Latin words for "crown" and "small crown", respectively.[2] Incidentally, "Camry" is also an anagram for "my car".[3]

For the East and Southeast Asian markets, high specification Camry models are seen as executive cars. Since the sixth generation XV30 model, the Camrys sold in these markets have sported revised front- and rear-end treatment. For the seventh generation XV40 series, the same was done, although the Australian-designed Toyota Aurion which is based on the seventh generation Camry was the donor model. The Aurion features revised front- and rear-end treatment and changes to the interior, but is fitted with the same powertrains. An up-branded luxury version of the Camry was sold in Japan as the Toyota Windom until 2006; the related Lexus ES shares major chassis and drivetrain components with the Camry.

In the United States, the Camry has been regularly the best selling car for the last decade, but has been outsold in some years. The Camry also sells very well in Australia, Canada, and a number of Asian markets—in particular Cambodia where the vast majority of cars are Camrys.[4] Due to their comfort-tuned suspensions, most models of the Camry are regarded as less sporty than rival vehicles,[5] with the exception of sport (SE/Sportivo) versions.[5] Despite its international success, it has not sold as well in Europe, where sales ended in 2004,[6] and the Avensis became the flagship model in 2002.[7]

Celica Camry (A40, A50; 1980–1982)

January 1980 for the Japanese home market, this model was essentially a second-generation Toyota Carina with updated body-styling and a front-end that resembled a 1978 Toyota Celica XX, known as the Celica Supra in export markets.

The car was based on the rear-wheel drive Celica and was powered by either a 1.6 litre 12T-U engine producing 65 kilowatts (88 hp) JIS and 128 newton metres (94 lb·ft) or a 1.8 litre 13T-U engine producing 70 kilowatts JIS (94 hp) and 147 newton metres (108 lb·ft). Towards the end of its model lifecycle, Toyota introduced a sports version of the Celica Camry equipped with the 16-valve double overhead camshaft 2.0 litre engine from the Celica producing 72 kilowatts JIS (96 hp). This is the most sought-after version of the Celica Camry in the secondhand market today.

Although it has an identical 2500 millimetre (98.4 in) wheelbase to the Celica, the Corona, and the Carina, it is longer than the Carina but shorter than both the Corona and Celica. During its model cycle, over 100,000 units were sold in Japan. The Celica Camry was also exported to a number of markets using the Carina's name, and it replaced the second-generation Carina in these markets.

Other Japanese car makers offered the Nissan Stanza and the Honda Accord around the same time.

First generation (V10; 1982–1986)

In 1982, the Camry became an independent model line, and was sold as a compact four-door sedan and five-door hatchback. There were limited exports, predominantly to right-hand-drive markets. At this point, Camry was positioned above the Carina and Corona, two other mid-sized models made by Toyota. A twin was announced at this point: the Toyota Vista.

The design of the first generation Camry fit well within the box-shaped trends of the early 1980s. Additionally, the vehicle size and available options were characteristic of Japanese-designed cars of the time; the Camry was a compact sedan, with a solid but spartan construction and competed indirectly against larger American counterparts.
 
1982—1986 Toyota Camry hatchback

In North America, the Camry was available with a 68 kilowatt SAE (92 hp) 2.0 litre 2S-ELC engine, 1.8 litre 1C-TLC or a 55 kilowatt (74 hp) 2.0 litre 2C-TLC turbodiesel engine. Either a four-door sedan or five-door hatchback body style could be specified, and could be purchased with either a five-speed manual transmission or a four-speed A140E automatic. In contrast to the rear-wheel drive Celica Camry, the Toyota Camry was a front-wheel drive vehicle built on an all-new platform. In Australia, only the petrol-fueled hatchback was sold. The United Kingdom, and much of Continental Europe got the sedan and hatchback versions: these were available in 1.8 litre GLi or 2.0 litre GLi trim levels. A 2.0 litre GLD turbodiesel was also offered, but this is rare nowadays

Second generation (V20; 1986–1990)

The second generation model debuted in 1986, this time including a station wagon while dropping the hatchback body style. At this point, it was still regarded as a compact car. In 1988, an all-wheel drive system dubbed All-Trac was introduced and a 2.5 litre 118 kilowatt JIS (160 hp) V6 engine were added as options for the first time. The V6 was fuel-injected with 24 valves, and dual overhead camshafts, much like the upgraded 96 kilowatt JIS (130 hp) four-cylinder engine. In Japan there was a GT model using the older 3S-GE engine as used on the Celica. This particular model also had a factory strut brace similar to an AE92 Corolla and rode on the V6 model's 15 inch alloy wheels. This particular model also had an electronic instrument cluster.
 
1989–1990 Toyota Camry (SV21) CS station wagon (Australia).
 
1991–1992 Toyota Camry (SV21) Executive sedan (Australia).
 
1991–1992 Holden JL Apollo GS sedan (Australia).

In 1987, Toyota Australia began producing these second generation Camrys in Altona, Victoria, Australia. In fact, it was the first Camry ever made outside of Japan. A 1.8 litre four-cylinder engine rated at 64 kilowatts (86 hp) was standard on the base model, while a twin-cam, multi-valve 2.0 litre straight-four engine and five-speed manual transmission was available on all others. A four-speed overdrive automatic was made optional. All models bar the Ultima had a two-barrel carburettor version of the engine (3S-FC); the Ultima featured an electronic fuel injected (EFI) version of the same (3S-FE). The base engine produced 82 kilowatts (110 hp) and 166 newton metres (122 ft·lbf) of torque, with 88 kilowatts (118 hp) and 171 newton metres (126 ft·lbf) for the EFI version. In 1988, a 2.5 litre V6 was introduced. The V6 sat the very top of the range, and was the only model to be imported from Japan. Due to its positioning in the line-up, and the high import duty it attracted, it was very expensive, and only sold in small numbers. In 1989, the 1.8 litre engine was dropped, and was replaced with the 2.0 litre carburettored engine, until early 1991, when the EFI version of was made standard. This was the result of the introduction of more stringent emission standards in Australia.

Toyota Motor Manufacturing Kentucky, the first wholly-owned U.S. Toyota plant, began producing Camrys in 1988, where three trim levels of the second generation Camry were made: the unbadged base model, the DX, and the LE. The 2.5 litre engine and Camry chassis was repackaged as the upscale Lexus ES 250. The ES 250 was essentially the Japanese-market Camry hardtop. In 1991, anti-lock brakes became optional on the V6, LE, and station wagon models. These second generation models were extremely popular in the United States and it is not at all uncommon to see examples on American roads, even to this day more than two decades after production. The Nissan competitor Stanza was replaced by the Nissan Cefiro in Japan, and the Nissan Altima in North America.

Third generation

generation V30 Camry was introduced exclusively to the Japanese market in July 1990. A widened version of this model was also sold in Japan as the Toyota Scepter. The Scepter incorporated unique front- and rear-end styling, with the side doors and many other sheet metal and mechanical components interchangeable between the two cars. Outside of Japan, the Scepter was known as the Camry XV10. These generation classification are for the Japanese market Camry. The third generation US Camry was introduced from 1992-1996 while the fourth generation was introduced from 1997-2001, the fifth generation camry was from 2002-2006, and lastly the sixth and current generation in the US is from 2007-present. The U.S. Camry is presently in its six generation while the Japanese market version is in its seventh generation.

For the 1991 model year, a four wheel steering version of the JDM Camry was sold with a 2.0 L V6 engine, with the name Toyota Camry V6 PROMINENT 4WS, and chassis code E-VZV31.[8]

An updated model appeared in July 1992. The scope of changes ranged from a new, larger grille and a revised air conditioning unit. At the same time the ZX touring package appeared in place of GT.

[edit]
International (XV10; 1991–1996)
Main article: Toyota Scepter
 
1992–1994 Toyota Camry DX sedan (U.S.; Toyota Scepter-based).
 
1991–1994 Toyota Scepter sedan (Japan).

In 1990, Toyota replaced the compact V20 Camry will an all-new V30 series exclusive to Japan. While marginally larger than the V20, the V30 had to comply with Japanese tax legislation whch restricted the car's width to 1,700 millimetres (67 in) and length to 4,700 millimetres (190 in). Particularly in the United States, this narrower model would not generate enough sales, as proved by its V20 Camry forbearer. As a result, a "wide-body" Camry was designed, known as the Toyota Scepter. This came to be known as the Camry XV10 in all markets outside of Japan; Japan was the only market to receive the narrower V30 model. The smaller Camry varied in other areas besides the size. Although the underpinnings, doors and fenders, and overall basic design cues were common between the two cars, the smaller Camry sported harder, more angular front- and rear-end treatment, with the Scepter presenting a more curvaceous silhouette. This was a departure from the second generation Camry models which, although they had many more rounded panels than the first generation, were nevertheless generally slab-sided in shape.

The Japanese market received a new V40 series Camry in 1994, yet the Scepter lived on until 1996, skipping a generation before being replaced by the XV20 Camry globally. This new model ceased the era of separate Camrys—a global Camry—and a smaller Japanese domestic market version. In Japan, the smaller Vista took up the former V40 Camry role from 1998.

The Camry XV10/Scepter offered a 2.2 litre 5S-FE inline-four engine, up from 2.0 litres in the V20 and V30 Camrys. This unit produced 97 kilowatts (130 hp) of power and 197 newton metres (145 ft·lbf) of torque, although the figures varied slightly depending on the market.[9] Power and displacement increases were also received for the V6 engine. The 3.0 litre 3VZ-FE unit was rated at 138 kilowatts (185 hp) and 264 newton metres (195 ft·lbf).[9] An all-new aluminium 1MZ-FE V6 debuted in North American models from 1994, with other markets soon following, except for Japan which retained the 3VZ-FE V6. Power and torque rose to 140 kilowatts (190 hp) and 275 newton metres (203 ft·lbf), respectively.[9][10]

A two-door Camry coupé was added to compete with the Honda Accord coupé. However, the Camry Coupé was never popular and was dropped in 1997. A two-door Camry would not be reintroduced until 1999, with the Toyota Camry Solara.

Fourth generation (V40; 1994–1998)

The Camry V40 appeared in July 1994 exclusively for the Japanese market. Engines for the V40 comprised of a 1.8 litre (4S-FE type) and 2.0 litre (3S-FE type), and a 2.2 litre turbodiesel (3C-T type). At launch only the 2.0 litre model was available in all-wheel drive mode, although afterwards the 2.2 litre turbodiesel could be optioned with this system.

Toyota updated the V40 in June 1996. In the update anti-lock brakes and dual air bags became standard equipment. After 1998, the Japanese market Camry and international Camry became in-line with each other, with the Toyota Vista taking over the V30 and V40 Camry roles.

Fifth generation (XV20; 1996–2001)

The fifth generation Camry was launched in Japan in December 1996. It continued as a sedan and station wagon (called the Camry Gracia in Japan), though the latter model was not sold in the United States. This generation was launched in the U.S. for the 1997 model year.

An equivalent model was launched as the Daihatsu Altis, it was only sold in Japan, and its production started from this generation. The Altis was introduced March 2000 as a flagship sedan for Daihatsu as a replacement for the Daihatsu Applause. Not very many Altis are sold in Japan because the typical Daihatsu is priced in the entry level pricing range, and the Altis is priced very similar to the comparable model JDM Toyota Camry. Tha Altis is available with the Toyota 5S-FE 2.2 L 4 cylinder engine. Unlike the Camry, which is available as a sedan or wagon in Japan, the Altis is a sedan only. The name "Altis" is a variation of the word "altitude", implying a "high elevation" status as the top level car for Daihatsu.
 
2000-2001 Toyota Camry (US)
 
1997 Mark II Qualis (based on Camry wagon)

In 2000, the sedan models received a mid-model upgrade to the front and rear fascias, but remained otherwise similar to the 1997 to 1999 models. The Japanese Scepter ceased to exist as the Japanese Camrys adopted the 1,795 mm (70.7 in) wide platform.

The Vista began departing from the Camry, remaining 1,700 mm (66.9 in) wide and eventually forming the basis of the growing Corolla. In addition, the Vista's sheetmetal resembled a tall, formal sedan, while the Camry became sleeker. This "split" continues today.

The Lexus ES 300 was again built from the Windom, which uses the Camry chassis.

A coupe was added in 1999, and then a convertible form in 2000. In contrast to the coupe from the third generation Camrys, the new two-door cars were given a separate nameplate Camry Solara, or simply Solara. They were also a significant styling departure from the sedan. The Solara was available in SE and SLE trims, corresponding roughly to the sedan's LE and XLE trims.

In the United States, the Camry SE was dropped and the base model was renamed the CE for the 1997 model year. Both the LE(Limited Edition) and the XLE trims were carried over from the previous generation. All trim levels were available with either the 2.2 L I4 or the 3.0 L V6 engine except the Solara SLE, which was only available with the V6. TRD offered a supercharger kit for 1997-2000 V6 models raising power to 247 hp and 242 ft-lb of torque. The LE-based Collector Edition was new for 2001 model year.

Power was increased slightly to 133 hp SAE (99 kW) for the 5S-FE 2.2 L I4 and 194 hp SAE (145 kW) for the 1MZ-FE V6. Manual transmissions (model: S51) were only available on the CE trim level, LE V6, and any Solara model.

For the General Export Market, the Camry was offered as 2.2 GLX and 3.0 V6 Grande. This was the first Camry to be sold as a Daihatsu; the Daihatsu Altis was identical to the export version of the Camry.

The Camry V6 was again on Car and Driver magazine's Ten Best list for 1997.

A more upmarket version of Camry Gracia wagon was sold in Japan as Mark II Qualis. It had no relation to Mark II sedan besides front and rear optics, which simulated those of Mark II X100. Mark II Qualis was also available in 3.0G version, with 1MZ-FE V6 engine, not available in JDM Camrys.

The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety gave the Camry a Good overall score in their frontal offset crash test.[11] Front seat-mounted side torso airbags were optional beginning on 1999 models. The Camry equipped with side airbags received a four out of five star () safety rating in Euro NCAP's test.[12]


Australia
 
1999-2000 Toyota Camry Conquest V6 station wagon (Australia).
 
1997-2000 Toyota Camry Conquest V6 sedan (Australia).

In Australia, unlike the previous generation, the Camry name was also applied to the V6 variants, while the Vienta V6 range was revised as the "upmarket" models. The line-up of 4-cylinder Camry models consisted of the CSI, Conquest and CSX models (automatic transmission only); all three variants were available in sedan or wagon. The Camry V6 models consisted of CSI and Conquest, with the wagon models only available in automatic transmission. The Camry V6 Touring Series sedan model was launched in March 1999. The Vienta line up consisted of VXI and Grande sedan models and the VXI wagon. The VXI model was basically a V6-powered version of the 4-cylinder Camry CSX model.

In September 2000, the revised Camry was launched. The Vienta V6 range was discontinued due to the launch of the Avalon sedan in July 2000 and two new models were added to the Camry range: the top-of-the-range Azura V6 sedan and the Touring Series V6 wagon, both of which were available with an automatic transmission only. Towards the end of the model run, the limited edition Intrigue and Advantage sedans were launched.


Middle East

In Middle East, the Camry was offered in three different trims, the low end XLI plus the better equipped GLI that both carry a four cylinder engine, the third is the V6 Grande trim which carries the 1MZ-FE engine plus a lot of other options. The Middle Eastern Camry also was offered as a wagon, with the GLI trim only.

Sixth generation (XV30; 2001–2006)

In September 2001, the 2002 model year Toyota Camry was released as a larger sedan (taking styling cues from the successful Vitz, Corolla, and Solara) only, but without a station wagon for the first time. Due to station wagons losing popularity to minivans and crossover SUVs, the Camry wagon was replaced by the Sienna minivan (in North America only) and the Highlander SUV, both vehicles utilizing the Camry's platform.

The front end of the car was relatively short, leaving a great deal of the length to the cabin, a technique adopted by compact cars. In contrast to the fairly squat fifth generation Camry, the sixth generation was a decidedly tall vehicle. It was 2.5 in (64 mm) taller and had a 2 in (51 mm) longer wheelbase than the previous model. The coefficient of drag had been reduced to 0.28 Cd.
 
2002-2004 Camry SE (US)
 
2005-2006 Toyota Camry XLE (US)

In the United States, the basic CE model was dropped and the SE sport model was reintroduced. Both the LE and SE models were available with a manual transmission when equipped with the four-cylinder engine. Two engines were available an all-new 2.4-liter 2AZ-FE VVT-i I4 engine and a carry over 3.0-liter 1MZ-FE V6 engine. Both engines in the United States were ULEV certified. Any model could be equipped with a V6 or a 4-speed automatic transmission, although the manual transmission was not available on V6 models.[13] The Camry's front suspension used MacPherson struts mounted to a front sub-frame while the rear suspension used a dual link setup also mounted to its own rear sub-frame.

For safety ABS, Vehicle Stability Control, front and rear head side curtain airbags, and front seat-mounted torso side airbags were optional. The IIHS rated the Camry Good overall in their frontal offset crash test.[14] In their side impact test a Good overall rating was given to models equipped with side airbags[14], while models without side airbags were given a Poor overall rating.[15]

For 2005 models, Toyota introduced its refreshed Camry with new upgrades such as a chrome grille (though the SE had a sportier grille), new headlight and taillight designs, redesigned front bumper, and new wheels. A new base trim level was again added, which was priced lower than the Camry LE. Interior upgrades to the Camry included a rear center head restraint, a storage bin in the door, Optitron electroluminescent gauges, steering wheel-mounted audio controls standard for all trim levels, and standard leather seating on V6-powered XLE trims. V6 engines were revised with the 3.0-liter 1MZ-FE now equipped with VVT-i and in SE models a 3.3-liter 3MZ-FE V6 replaced the smaller 1MZ-FE. A 5-speed automatic transmission also replaced the previous 4-speed automatic and ABS became standard on all trims.


Camry Solara
 
2004-2006 Toyota Camry Solara SE coupe
Main article: Toyota Camry Solara

Until the 2003 model year, the Camry Solara remained on the sixth generation chassis, and received only minor styling upgrades to the front and rear ends. However, the Solara did receive the same 2.4-liter 2AZ-FE I4 engine that was available on the Camry sedan.

The second generation Camry Solara was introduced in 2003 as a 2004 model. Again, styling from the Camry was radically different, taking design cues from the Lexus SC430.


Toyota Camry TS-01
Main article: Toyota Camry TS-01

A high performance concept of the Toyota Camry, named the Toyota Camry TS-01 was shown at the 2005 Melbourne International Motor Show. This concept vehicle had significant performance and visual upgrades from the production Toyota Camry and hinted at the TRD Aurion.

Japan

Daihatsu continued with its twin Altis model for the Japanese market. The second generation Altis was introduced September 2001, and was available with the 2AZ-FE 2.4 L 4 cylinder engine. Visually, the Altis is very similar to the JDM Toyota Camry with the 4 cylinder engine.


Australia and New Zealand

In Australia and New Zealand, the 2002 to 2006 Camry is available in five different trims: the Altise, Ateva, Sportivo, Grande (2004 onwards), and Azura. The Altise, Ateva, and Sportivo are available with either the 2.4 L four cylinder or the 3.0 L V6 engine, whilst the Grande and Azura were only available with the V6. Only the Altise and Sportivo models could be fitted with a manual transmission — all other models are equipped with a four-speed automatic transmission. In 2003, the V6-powered Altise Sport model was introduced, which is basically the Altise model with the sports suspension that was fitted on the Sportivo and Azura models and was available in manual and automatic trasmission. The Australian and New Zealand Camry Sportivo corresponds roughly to the American Camry SE.
 
2004-2006 Toyota Camry Altise (Australia).
 
2004-2006 Toyota Camry (ACV36R) Sportivo (Australia).

The Australian and New Zealand models were significantly different from the other Camry models around the world and had around 77% locally developed components to suit Australian and New Zealand roads and driving conditions. The brakes, body panels (which would only fit on the Australian made body and chassis), headlights, seats, radio antenna and suspension were all locally developed after 10,000 km of extensive testing in New Zealand under the supervision of Toyota engineers. Power output on the Altise Sport, V6 Sportivo and Azura models was 145 kW (194 hp) compared with the 141 kW (189 hp) of the standard V6 models due to a high-flow rear muffler.

When the revised range was launched in Australia and New Zealand in September 2004, the Grande model was reintroduced which, together with the Azura model, were the top-of-the-range models. The Grande however was fitted with the standard suspension rather than the sports suspension as fitted on the Azura model. The Grande and Azura models have Satellite Navigation (GPS) as standard equipment, and were the first Toyota models in Australia to be fitted with the new Toyota Link system. The Toyota Link system is a state-of-the-art satellite and mobile SMS GSM communications system that gives the driver access to roadside assistance and emergency help via the electrochromatic rear view mirror. In August 2005 the Altise Sport model was reintroduced (V6 auto only) together with Altise Limited (four-cylinder and V6) that has additional features. The Ateva model had an interior upgrade to leather trim and rear passenger air conditioning vents. The Altise was repositioned as a fleet model and the manual transmission was no longer available on V6 Sportivo models from January 2006 production. Automatic Camrys in Australia still used the dated four-speed rather than the new five-speed introduced in the US across the range. The new 3.3-liter engine that replaced the 3.0 in the American V6 also did not come to Australia.

A number of milestones were achieved with this generation's Camry in Australia. The one millionth Camry (Black Azura) built in Australia and 10 millionth Camry worldwide rolled off the production line at Altona in September 2004. In May 2006 Toyota Australia exported the 500,000th Camry to New Zealand, in recognition of the relationship between Toyota Australia and Toyota New Zealand. More than 90% of Australian Camry exports are left-hand drive vehicles to Middle East countries including Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Oman, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates. The overseas demand for the Australian-made Camry is still running at record levels, despite the release of an all-new model in August 2006.

Middle East

In the Middle East, the fifth generation Camry is available in 4 variants: XLi, GLi, Touring, and Grande V6.The XLi trim remains one of most common and comes reasonably equipped and is a common choice for taxis and is the best seller.[citation needed] The Camry weathers extreme heat and is preferred by fleet buyers looking for reliability. The GLi trim adds alloy wheels, wooden panel interior, foglamps.The touring and Grande trims come with a 3.0 LT V6 engine. The current Australian-made Camry remains one of the top-selling passenger vehicles in Saudi Arabia.[citation needed]

Additionally, in recent years, sixth generation Camrys have become very popular in the Middle East for "Arab (or Saudi) Drifting." The main objective is to drift the Camry drastically around the road (usually a long stretch of road or freeway), while sometimes even being in the flow of traffic.


East and Southeast Asia

The Camry in Taiwan and Southeast Asia of this generation looked very similar to other versions, but the front end had a "thicker" grille and larger, all-white, differently shaped headlights.[16] The reverse lights were moved onto the trunk and were somewhat similar to the lights on a second generation Avalon's trunk.The older models from 2002-2003 had tail lights with a white streak across them,[18] while models 2004 and later did not.

In the Philippines, the fifth generation Camry was initially introduced with 2.0 and 2.4-liter engines, with four-speed automatics and no manual option. Compared to the US version, this had a different front end design (grille and headlights), as well as inner taillight garnishes. The facelifted version saw off the 2.0 and introduced the 3.0-liter V6 with five-speed automatic along with new colors and wheel design.

Seventh generation (XV40; 2006–present)

The seventh generation Camry was introduced at the 2006 North American International Auto Show alongside a hybrid version and went on sale in March 2006 as a 2007 model. Toyota normally begins selling the Camry in September but cut the previous model's lifespan to 4.5 years instead of 5 years. The 2007 Camry was redesigned and featured a 2-inch longer wheelbase, overall length and passenger volume remained equal to the predecessor, while trunk space decreased by about 1.5 cu-ft.

Power came from a choice of four and six-cylinder engines. The 2.4 L 2AZ-FE I4 engine was carried over from the past generation and produced 158 horsepower (118 kW) and 161 ft·lb. It came with a five-speed manual or five-speed automatic. The 3.5 L 2GF-FE V6 in contrast came with a new six-speed automatic and produced 268 horsepower (200 kW) and 248 ft·lb.[20]

The Camry was facelifted for the 2010 model year with a redesigned fascia, new taillights, a new 2.5-liter 2AR-FE 4-cylinder engine and new transmissions.


2010 Toyota Camry Hybrid (US)

The seventh-generation Toyota Camry is the first generation in which the Camry has been available as a gasoline/electric hybrid. The Camry Hybrid utilizes Toyota’s second generation Hybrid Synergy Drive and a 4-cylinder engine with 147 horsepower (110 kW) in conjunction with a 40 hp (30 kW) electric motor for a combined output of 187 horsepower (139 kW).[21] The Camry became the third Toyota model sold in America to be offered as a hybrid after the Prius and the Highlander Hybrid.


International production

Toyota Camrys are produced at Georgetown, Kentucky, USA, Aichi, Japan, Melbourne, Australia, St. Petersburg, Russia, and in China (for the Chinese market only). The Camry sold in China shares the front and rear design used for the Australian 6-cylinder 'Aurion'. On April 20, 2007, Camry manufacturing began at Subaru of Indiana Automotive, Inc. in Lafayette, Indiana USA, with intended production of about 100,000 units per year.

Daihatsu continued with its twin Altis model for the Japanese market. The third generation Altis was introduced January 2006, and continued to be available with the 2AZ-FE 2.4 L 4 cylinder engine. Visually, the Altis is very similar to the JDM Toyota Camry with the 4 cylinder engine.

A Camry manufactured in Japan is denoted with a VIN starting with "J", as well as a small hatch on the passenger's side of the front bumper containing equipment that is compatible with Japanese towing systems; US-made models are denoted with a VIN starting with "4".